ENERJİ ÜST KURULUNA
MESAJ
Başarısızlık Nasıl Önlenecek?
Orta Vadeli
Rüzgar enerjisi
kesintili olduğu için rüzgar olmadığı zamanlarda baska yerlerden enerjinin az
kayıpla gelip gidebilmesi için grid sistemi yani hatlar, trafolar yedek güçler
rehabilitasyon adı altında EU veya Dünya Bankası’nın uzun vadeli ucuz
kredileriyle güçlendirilmelidir.
Acil Değişmesi Gerekenler
1.
Anayasa,
kanun, mevzuat değişiklikleri.
2.
“Başşehir
Sendromu” - Bürokratik Engeller. Ek 1: Çok önemli birikmiş şikayetler
var. VİZYON YOK. Kendine iş yaratmaya çalışanların ÇALIM SHOW ları var.
Başkaları Neler Yapıyor? Ek 2:Muhakkak çok basit bir kanun yeterlidir. Aşağıdaki 2
sarı satır kadar. Sonra detaylanabilir.
Yani kullanıcı
fiyat ortalamasının %90 kadar fiyattan bütün üretilen rüzgar elektriği satın
alınır diye evvelden ilan dürüstlük, açıklık getirir bürokrat engellerini
önler. “İyinin düşmanı en
iyidir”. Bu prensip bizi ileri götürür, şaşkınlığı, son yılların
utanılacak kısırlığını önler. Gelin basit ve iyi ile başlayalım.
Almanya basit başladı, başardı sonra en iyiyi araştırıyor.
BÖYLE
BAŞLADI
“Germany
The 1991 Elecricity Feed
Law established a standard payment for renewable energy generators of 90% of
the average retail price. …...”
Yukarıdaki başarılı
mevzuat yıllar sonra
detaylandırılmış ve aşağıdaki gibi geliştirilmiştir.
Sakın aşağıdaki yolla başlamayın,
yapamazsınız, komplike
mevzuat bizi çıkmaza sürükler.
“……………………………………. when applied to
electricity generating installations over a
service life of twenty years – on
balance lead to the following results: at very good sites,
compensation rates will be reduced
to 13.5 pfennigs per kilowatt-hour; at sites with average
wind conditions, the rates will be stabilised at
16.4 pfennigs per kilowatt-hour, and at inland
sites, the rates will be moderately
increased to 17.3 pfennigs per kilowatt-hour. The purpose
of these new provisions is to avoid
payment of compensation rates that are higher than what
is required for a cost-effective
operation of such installations, and to create an incentive for
installing wind energy converters at
inland sites. Compensation rates differ because of the
different periods of time during
which the initial compensation rates will be paid. In addition,
the higher initial compensation rate
will facilitate the financing of wind energy converters
which was increasingly being
questioned by credit institutions when the previous provisions
were in force.”
Kısaca ortalama rüzgarlı bir yer
için fiyat 16.4 fenig/kWsaat, az rüzgarlı yerlerde 17.3fenig/kWsaat ve cok
rüzgarlı yerlerde 13.5 fenig/kWsaat. Hepsinin üstüne bir de karmaşık metodla prim ilave edilmektedir. Bu
metodla başlamak isterseniz TAM ENGELCİLERİN İSTEDİĞİ KAPANA DÜŞERSİNİZ VE
RÜZGAR İŞİ İLERLEMEZ.
Ek1
http://www.egetek.org/pages/news/A%20Vision%20for%20Turkish%20Energy%20Issues.html
ENERJİ İŞLERİ DEVRİM
BEKLİYOR. FELAKET KAPIDA. LÜTFEN ARTIK
BÜROKRATLARINIZI DİNLEMEYİN. BU SES
TARİHİ HATALARIN ARTIK DURMASINI İSTİYOR. HAFİFE ALMAYIN.
www.egetek.org SAYFASI KENDİ KENDİMİZİ NASIL YANILTARAK GİTTİĞİMİZİ VE BU
GİDİŞATIN SONUNDA FELAKET GETİRECEĞİNİ RAKAMLARLA GÖSTERİYOR.
Ek2
a. Tuesday,
01/23/2001
EU Wants Doubling of Electicity from
Renewable Energies to 22,1 percent
The European Commission has presented an
improved proposal for a directive to promote renewable energies and with this
affirmed its goal to raise the share of renewables of the energy supply to 22,1
percent until 2010.
b. Germany,
the U.S., Spain and Denmark account for some 80% of the new wind energy
capacity addition in 1999, and for over 70% of current wind energy generating
capacity worldwide. Germany added 1,200 MW in 1999; the U.S. added 732 MW;
Spain, which added 650 MW, may soon overtake Germany's position as the leading
growing market as it is aggressively promoting wind development and has more
land available to do so; Denmark added 300 MW.
Some countries and regions now rely on wind energy for 10%
or more of their electricity, including Denmark, (10% of the
country's electricity currently comes from wind, and the country has a goal of
supplying 50% of their electricity from renewable energy including wind by
2030); Spain (over 20%of electricity comes from wind in the region of
Navarra); and Germany (over 15% of electricity comes from wind in
the region of Schleswig-Holstein).
c.
Germany: Total capacity installed in
Germany in 2000 was 1,668 MW, according to the German Wind Energy Association
(BWE). Germany has 9,375 wind turbines in operation, producing 11.5
billion kWh of electricity and meeting 2.5% of domestic demand. The steady growth of wind energy
in Germany is due to its “feed-in tariff” or price support mechanism, which
first came into effect in 1991 and guarantees a set price for electricity generated
from wind. Germany's Renewable Energy Law (EEG) in April 2000 sets a
differentiated tariff that varies according to the actual production of a given
wind energy site. EEG also obliges grid operators to bear the cost of
power lines needed for feeding wind power into the grid. Germany is
seeking to obtain derogation for its existing price support mechanism for wind
energy in the renewable energy directive under discussion among European member
countries. Germany is on target to meet a 22,000-MW , or one-third, share
of Europe's wind power production goal of 60,000 MW by 2010, as it develops
offshore projects, according to European Wind Energy Association vice president
Andreas Wagner. Further information is available on the Web at http://www.wind-energie.de
d.
Denmark: The Danish Manufacturers’
Association estimates that an additional 552 MW came online in 2000. This
new generating capacity came from wind turbines that were sold in
1999. Denmark is switching from its price support system for wind
energy to a domestic green credit, or certificate, trading system, which will
also allow it to participate in a European-wide credit trading system when that
is established. A unique set of policies has encouraged ownership and
siting of single or small clusters of turbines and promoted private,
cooperative ownership of equipment over the years. This model is likely
to evolve with the introduction of the green certificate trading system. Denmark currently generates more
than 10% of its electricity from wind, and aims to produce 50% of its
electricity from renewable energy (primarily wind) by 2030.
Information on windpower and the Danish wind energy market is available at www.windpower.dk;
e.
Spain: Spain finished the year 2000 with some 2,235 MW of total
online wind energy generating capacity, according to the Spanish
Renewable Energy Trade Association. That figure includes an addition of
about 713 MW during the year, establishing Spain once again as Europe’s most
dynamic domestic wind energy market. The year 2000 opened in Spain with a
record-breaking order for 1,800 wind turbines totaling approximately 1,400 MW
from the Spanish utility Energia Hidroelectrica de Navarra SA. The order
was placed with Spanish turbine builder Gamesa Eolica SA, which is 40% owned by
Danish manufacturer Vestas. Delivery of the turbines is divided equally
over the years 2000-2002, and the total value of the order is more than U.S. $670
million. Enron Wind Corp. has opened a new plant south of Madrid, in the
province of Toledo. It is producing wind turbines ranging in size from
750 kW to 2 MW for the Spanish and Mediterranean markets. Spain has
established a network of national, local, price and manufacturing incentives
for wind energy, which, coupled with the fact that Spain has few indigenous
fossil fuel resources, makes wind energy an attractive option for electric
utilities.
f.
Compensation to be Paid for Electricity Generated
from Wind Energy in Germany (1) The compensation to be paid for electricity
generated from wind energy shall be at least 17.8 pfennigs per kilowatt-hour
for a period of five years starting from the date of commissioning. Hence, the
compensation to be paid for installations which, during this period of time,
achieve150 per cent of the reference yield calculated for the reference
installation as described in the Annex to this Act shall be at least 12.1
pfennigs per kilowatt-hour. For other installations, the period mentioned in
the first sentence above shall be prolonged by two months for every 0.75 per
cent which their yield stays below 150 per cent of the reference yield. If the
electricity is generated by installations which are located at least three
nautical miles seawards from the baselines used to demarcate territorial waters
and if these installations are commissioned no later than 31 December 2006, the
periods specified in the first sentence and in the second sentence above shall
be nine years.
(2) For existing installations,
the date of commissioning as defined in the first sentence of (1) above shall
be [add: the date of the entry into force of this Act]. For these
installations, the period defined in the first 3 sentences of (1) above shall
be reduced by half of the operating life of an installation as of [add: the
date of the entry into force of this Act]; in any case, however, this period
shall not be less than four years starting from [add: the date of the entry
into force of this Act]. If P-V curves are not available for such
installations, an authorised institution as defined in the Annex may perform
the necessary calculations on the basis of the design documents of the type of
installation concerned.
(3) As of 1 January 2002, the
minimum compensation amounts specified in (1) above shall be reduced by 1.5 per
cent annually for new installations commissioned as of this date; the amounts
payable shall be rounded to one decimal.
(4) For the implementation of the
provisions in (1) above, the Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology shall
be authorised to adopt an ordinance laying down rules for the calculation of
the reference yield.
g.Germany
Germany has made impressive gains in installed wind capacity
since 1991 and is now setting the trend for Europe's future.(19)
German capacity is nearly 2,000 megawatts, up from less than 100 megawatts in
1990.(20)
In mid-1997, it surpassed the United States as the country with greatest wind
capacity. Germany's environmentally friendly atmosphere was largely responsible
for 394 megawatts being added in 1997, with more under construction in 1998.(21)
Most of Germany's
development is in small, dispersed projects owned by individuals and private
operating pools, not utilities. This development has been encouraged by various
mechanisms, several of which are described below.
Electricity Feed Law (EFL). Since 1991, the EFL has obliged electric utilities
to purchase renewable energy at guaranteed prices equal to 90 percent of retail
price.(22)
For wind, this amounts to Deutsche Mark (DM) .1715, or 10.5 cents per
kilowatthour in 1997 for the life of the plant--a significant stimulus
to development.(23)
In the future, as prices come down in Europe's more competitive, liberalized
electricity market, the guaranteed price is expected to be lower--about 2
percent less in 1998 for example.(24)
This type of decrease is expected to gradually put economic pressure on
developers.
In addition, the electric utilities are opposed to the EFL
because of the burden it places on them. Efforts to declare the law
unconstitutional failed, but the amendment to the EFL recently passed in
Germany's Parliament is more favorable for utilities. It provides a cap (some 5
percent) on electric power taken from renewable sources.(25)
This is good and bad news for the wind industry--the EFL is still in force, but
there is a limit on benefits.
Investment Assistance. The Deutsche Ausgleichsbank grants to wind turbine
operators soft loans with average interest rates of 1 to 2 percent below the
rates in the capital market.(26)
Rates are fixed for the duration of the loan and thus provide easy financing
for German wind farms, when compared with the rest of Europe.
Planning Privileges. The German Building Statute Book prohibits erection of
buildings and similar structures on open countryside with some exceptions.(27)
Facilities for public electricity supply, including wind turbines, are
permitted. This facilitates development of wind power, which has large land
requirements.
250 Megawatt Program. The goal of the 250 Megawatt
Program is to carry out a broad test over several years of the application of
wind energy on a commercial scale.(28)
As an incentive for their participation in the program, operators of the wind
turbine/wind farm receive grants for the successful operation of their
facilities. The current benefit is either DM .06 or .08 (about $.03 or $.04)
per kilowatthour depending on whether the energy is fed into the grid or used
by the owner of the turbine, respectively.
El Dorado. This program provides overseas aid to cooperative
ventures between German interested parties and development partners in the
Southern Hemisphere. Grants of up to 70 percent of the cost of the project are
provided. At the end of 1996, this program supported development of 26
megawatts of capacity.
Research and Development (R&D). The
Federal Ministry for Education, Science, Research and Technology spent about DM
5.5 million or $3.2 million on various R&D projects while the Federal
Ministry of Economics contributed about DM 1 million or $0.6 million in 1996.
h. Denmark
Denmark ranks as the world's largest manufacturer and
exporter of wind turbines and it is third in installed wind capacity. In the
1980's, before Germany and the Netherlands began wind programs, Denmark had
virtually all of the wind capacity outside the United States. By 1990, this
amounted to around 300 megawatts. Development has continued through the 1990's
and has included two offshore projects. Despite limitations on available land
space, total wind capacity was over 1,000 megawatts at the end of 1997.
Currently, about 60 percent of the world's wind turbines are
manufactured in Denmark. In the twelve months ending October 1997, Denmark sold
1,021 megawatts of wind turbines.(29)
About one-third, or 326 megawatts, went to domestic markets and the remainder
were exported. Germany was the most popular destination, followed by Spain,
China, and Great Britain. Over
the years, the Danish government has demonstrated a great deal of support for
its wind industry at home and abroad. Some selected support programs are
discussed below.
Windmill Law. This law requires electric utilities to purchase output
from private wind turbine owners at 85 percent of the consumer price of
electricity plus ecotax relief or about Kroner .62, or 9 cents per
kilowatthour.(30)
Electric utilities receive Kroner .10 or 1.5 cents per kilowatthour production
subsidy for power generated by wind.(31)
Energy 21. In
earlier years, Denmark undertook development of wind energy to lessen
dependence on imported oil. Now development is tied to its Energy 21 goal of
reducing CO2 emissions by 20 percent by 2005. This translates into
an initial 1,500 megawatts of wind capacity on land and later by 2030, 4,000
megawatts offshore.(32)
This plan also encourages support at the grass roots level as local planning
boards have been asked to include wind in their energy plans.
Export Assistance. The Danish International
Development Agency (DANIDA) provides both direct grants and project development
loans to qualified importing countries.(33)
India is a good example of a developing country receiving assistance. In the
beginning, tied grant money was used to develop the first demonstration
projects of about 20 megawatts. Joint ventures formed in these projects paved
the way for future development using soft loans tied to the purchasing of
Danish equipment directly, or setting up a licensing agreement with Danish
companies to manufacture locally. Typically, these loans for developing
countries bear low interest and have extended payback periods. The exact terms
are determined by the importing country's state of development (e.g., least
developed, less developed) with the most favorable terms going to the least
developed countries, and so on.
Research and Development (R&D). The Danish government has long
supported development of technology for its manufacturing industry. During the
1976-1996 period, total R&D funding was about Kroner 350 million
($52million).(34)
Demonstration
Projects. These
projects received about Kroner 170 million ($25 million) over the same time
period
Özet:.
Basit başlamak lazım. Kullanıcı fiyat
ortalamasının %90 rüzgar enerjisi üretenlerin satış fiyatı olmalı.
Pazarlık yok. .
Bürokrasi sadece local yönetime indirgenmiş olacak.
